Combination-lock.



A. LEONARD.

COMBINATION LOCK.

APPLlCATlON FILED DEC-8,1913.

Patented July 13, 1915.

WITNESSES ATTORNEY COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO.,\VASH!NGTON, D. c.

"tinrrn airfares ATNT enrich.

ALBERT LEONARD, or'nULUTmMInNEsoTA, ASSIGNOR' or ONE-HALF TO AXELEDEMAN, or DULUTH, MINNESOTA.

intense.

I COMBINATION-LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented July 13, 1915.

Application rues December 8, 1913. Serial No. 805,384.

To (ZZZ "whom it may concern 'Beit known that I, rinnnn'r L NARD, a

, citizen of the United Statearesidingat Duof the luth, in the county ofSt. Louis and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Combination-Locks, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.I

My invention. relates to improvements in combination locks the primaryobject of which is to construct a combination. or permutation lock whichwill occupy a minimum of space. i p v A further object of the presentimprove ment is to so construct the lock thatit" is greatest simplicity:v of construction and hence economy of manufacture,

Another object of. the present-improvement is to provide a combinationlockiwhich is automatically released whenthe 'combi'na tion has beenset. v p ,Q i i In the accompanying draivings eFigure l is a sideelevation of the locking device with all thetumblers removed except thefirst. Fig. 26s an enlarged crosssectional view of the tumblers andshowing the arranged relation of one to the other. Fig. 3 is a Viewofthe last tumbler and als o" showing its means of engagement with thenext adjacent tumbler. [Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the tumbler knobby means of which the lock is operated. Fig. 5 is a side elevation ofthe shaft which formsthe connection between p of tumblers Q, 3 and 4.

the tumbler knob and the tumblers. Fig. 6 is aside elevation of a [thumbshaft by means, of which the tumbler shaft is con-jnected to thetumblerknobg Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the entiremechanism assembledand in position on the door. Fig. 8 is a front elevation of Fig. 7

Referringnow to the drawing in which like reference numerals designatesimilar parts, 1 represents the case whichIisof a rectangular form andis adapted to receive the variousparts of the locking mechanism. Withinthe case 1 are arranged a plurality Thetumbler 2-has an unbroken surfaceadjacent the back wall of the containing case land on the opposite sidethereof is a cut-in annular. groove 6, the outer edge ofwhich iscircular inform and the inner edge thereof is established by thepolygonal center 7 of the tumbler and through this center a circularhole 8 is provided for the admission of a tumbler shaft 9. The tumblers2, 3 and a are of the same size and shape except in respect to thecircular hole 8 through theircenters. The hole 8 in the tumblers 2 and 3is of the same size and of. considerably greater cross section than thethickness of the tumbler shaft 9. The hole 8 in the tumbler l is of asize and shapeto exactly fit the end of the tumbler Within by'the motionof the tumbler, of which it is an integral; part, until it comes incontact withthe stop 12 of the preceding tumbler, thus setting in motionthe preceding tumbler,and moving it to the desired position. A lug l3 iswhich acts similarly upon the intermediate tumbler 3, both of thetumblers 3 and 2 deriving their motion from the tumbler L as will bemore fully pointed out hereinafter.

It is well understood that any number of tumblers may be employed inorder to complicate the combination feature of the looking devicewithout departing from the spirit and intent of thisin'vention. In the.last tumbler -4,'tl1e groove 6 and ring 10 are dispensed with, but thistumbler is provided with a lug 13 for engagement with the stop 12 of thenext preceding tumbler 3. Each tumbler though circular in shape, has achord removed from one edge, each in a like manner, resulting in aflattened side or edge as is clearly shown. There is aspring or springs14 for each tumbler and these springs are connected to the inside of thecase 1. They are adapted to engage each tumbler separately and tomaintain a constant pressure'thereupon in a direction.

also providedv also provided on the tumbler 4.- l

succeeding tumbler is set.

bar or plate which is superimposed with the door frame in such a manner'as to fit within suitable orifices made therewithin as is readilyunderstood.

A dial is arranged upon a bearing plate 18'which is an integral part ofthe tumbler in this position,

. stop12 on the other.

knob 19 and by means of which the possessor of the combinationmayrelease or set the lock; Thev tumbler shaft 9 is designed to passthrough a hole in the back of the case 1, opposite, the hole in the lasttumbler as herein before stated, through'the holeinthe last tumbler 4,through the circular holes in the tumblers 2 and 3, through the frontside, of the case 1, and into a corresponding oriiice within the.tumbler knob 19 as indicated in Fig. 4. A thumb screw shaft 21 is alsoprovided which is designed to pass longitudinally through a hole in thecenter of the shaft 9 and thence into a threaded orifice 22 within thetumbler knob 19 thus unitingthe various parts of the lock. V l y Inoperation the tumbler 2, is first set,

with its flattened portion against the bar 15,

and this is done by turning the "knob 19 which revolves the last,tumbler 4 to which it is connected by means'of the tumbler shaft 9. Asthetumbler 4 is revolved, through the medium, of the lugs 13 and stops12 on the tumblers 2, and 3, it carries these. tumblers with it andconsequently the possessor of the combination revolves the dial thenecessary number of times tobring the tumbler 2 in position. The spring14 then holds this tumbler in the position, in which it is left and thedial is then turned in the opposite direction. In like manner after, acorrect number of turns the tumbler 3 is placed in position with itsflattened portion opposite the plate 15. The dial is then again revolvedin the opposite direction and the tumbler4 is set with itsflattenedportion against the bar the flattened portions of all the tumblersregistering, the plate 15 is forced inward by the springs 16-16 therebydrawing the bolts 1717 out ofengagement with the door frame.

As has been pointed out the inmost tumbler 4 is the, only one which isrevolved directly by the shaft 9 as the hole therein is of the samepolygonal shapeas that of the shaft and the other tumblers are onlyrevolved as the lug 18 on the one impinges the any one of thetumblersset so that, when impinged by the dog of the preceding tumin their1.5and as soon as-it is placed Thus thefstop 12, which 15 anintegralpart of the ring 10, in

bler that the flattened side or chord of the tumblers do notregisteiythen no amount of turning of the tumbler knob in eitherdirection continuously'wil-l ever effect an unbolt-" ingof the-lock. V a

The possible adjustment of the" rings 10 within the grooves 6 in thetumblers may be varied by varying the number of sides of the polygonalcenters ofthe tumblers, thus 'providing a greater multiplicity ofrelative po sitions for the stops 12 in each tumbler and thus increasethe possible combinations of the lock. The shaft 9 may be correspondingly changed in its cross'sectional shape to allow of such variation,and it is clearly evident that. any, change. of position, of this shaft9 either in relation to the tumbler4 or the-tumbler knob will alter thecombination. Having thus fully described my invention what I claim anddesireto. secure by Letters Patent 'isz' Y Y 1; In a permutation look, ahousing, a polygonal shaft mounted within, the housing, a pluralityoftumblers mounted upon the shaft within'the housing, one of thetumblershaving a polygonal opening interlocking with the polygonal shaft,grooves in the upper faces of the-tumblers havingpolygonal edges J attheir, centers, removable rings in the saidjgrooves and havingpolygonal.

inner edges, thesaid rings 'havinga groove upper face, and a lug in thesaid groove, lugs on the lower faces of'theI tumblers adapted to. engagethe saidlugs in the removable rings, whereby the combination of the lockmaybe altered by removing the rings and placingftheirpolygonal edgesopposite different polygonal edges of the grooves. I

2. A combination lock comprising aehousing, a polygonal shaft.therewithin, a plurality, of tumblers,;mounted on the said shaft,grooves in the upper faces of the-tumblers having polygonal edges attheir centers, removable rings in the said grooves having polygonaledges at their centers, the said rings, carrying connecting meansbetween the tumblers, saidmeans comprising a circular groove in theremovable ring, and". a lug therewithim; and, a lug 'on the lower, faceof 1the tumbler to engage the first-mentioned ug; I In a permutationlock,,a,housing, a polygonal shaft, mounted within the housing, aplurality oftumblers mounted upon the shaft within the housing, oneofthe tumblers having, a polygonal opening interlocki I ing; with thepolygonal shaft, circular 'groovesin the upper faces of the tumblershavingfpolygonal edges at their centers, re-

movable circular rings fitting within the p said grooves and havingpolygonal inner edges, whereby the combination of the. lock may bealtered by removing the ringsand onal edges of the grooves and bychanging the lug fastened in the groove, the parts, i

the interlocking connection between one of arranged as and for thepurpose described. 10 i the tumblers and the polygonal shaft, circu- Intestimony whereof I hereunto afiix my lar grooves formed in the uppersurface of signature in the presence of tWo Witnesses.

5 the removable rings, and a lug formed in the ALBERT LEONARD. saidgroove, 2. projection carried by the I Witnesses: lower faces of thetumblers and running in W. H; DENHAM, the said grooves, said lug adaptedto engage S. GEO. STEVENS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

